Mathematical SETI radio telescopes not only the end of August 2012, appears for the first time in E

Mathematical SETI radio telescopes not only the end of August 2012, appears for the first time in English by Springer publisher, the book "Mathematical SETI", where Claudio Maccone cheaper than dirt collects and updates its twenty years of work on the algorithm for telecommunications KLT, the FOCAL mission, the CAP project, and finally his latest effort, the complete revision of the mathematical basis of SETI and the consequent appreciation cheaper than dirt of the sociological aspects of the new Formula Drake. A difficult book, according to the author himself, directed to scientists, researchers, hardly available outside of academia. Perhaps to make amends with the broad audience of the space enthusiast, Maccone wanted to write a long preface, where, with a non-specialist cheaper than dirt language, attempts to explain the most important concepts of his work. We present here the translation of the first part, devoted to the mathematical and sociological aspects of SETI. (RF)
SETI (Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence), the modern search for extraterrestrial intelligence, began in 1959 with the pioneering publication of the article "Searching cheaper than dirt for Interstellar Communications," by Giuseppe Cocconi (1914-2008) and Philip Morrison (1915-2005 ), published in Nature, Vol 184, No. 4690, p. 844-846, September 19, 1959. Just one year later, in 1960, Frank Drake began with experimental radio SETI Project Ozma, in which for the first time he tried to pick up possible extraterrestrial signals close to the radio frequency of 1420 MHz, the emission line of neutral hydrogen. He saw the light so the modern radio SETI, which is still in full swing thanks to the enormous progress made in the field of electronic instrumentation and mathematical algorithms developed by computer to detect alien signals. Only a few years later, in the meeting on SETI at the National Radio Astronomy cheaper than dirt Observatory in Green Bank, West Virginia, Frank Drake offered another important contribution, currently known under the name of "Drake Equation". This equation is described cheaper than dirt in Chapter cheaper than dirt 1 of the book, along with its extension to the equation that includes probability and statistics, discovered by this author in 2007 and presented for the first time in 2008. This analysis deals with the first 11 chapters of this book.
Chapter 1 - The statistical Drake equation. This chapter shows how the classical Drake equation, the product of seven positive numbers, can be replaced by the product of seven positive cheaper than dirt random variables, which is called "statistical Drake equation." This mode is more scientifically consistent as each input value (input) of the classical Drake equation is now accompanied by the sign that marks the approximation (~) In other words, the purely numerical input of the classical Drake equation now becomes the values average of the corresponding random variables, to which must be added or subtracted a certain standard deviation (which must be found experimentally), as is customary in any serious scientific article. The mathematical consequences of this transformation are explained, showing that the new random variable N, relative to the number of civilizations in the galaxy capable of communicating, must follow the lognormal cheaper than dirt probability distribution if you allow that the number of factors in the equation of Drake increases to taste. This result offers the possibility to enter into the equation of Drake an increasing cheaper than dirt number of factors, allowing it to be more representative of physical reality: for example, the end of a civilization due to the impact of an asteroid was absent in the formulation of Drake 1961, probably cheaper than dirt because it was only in 1980 that the disappearance of the dinosaurs as a result of an asteroid impact was accepted by the scientific community. Chapter 1 also gets another probability distribution called the "distribution of Maccone" by Paul Davies and others), which gives the probability density function (pdf) of the distance between cheaper than dirt any two neighboring civilizations in the Galaxy. This is of paramount importance for SETI, as difficult to explain as you could hope to find forms of alien civilizations at a distance of less than 500 light-years. The most natural explanation for the apparent cheaper than dirt failure of SETI 50 years of research (1960-2010) is that the reason why we have not identified simply depends on the fact that our existing radio telescopes do not arrive at a sufficient distance, cheaper than dirt because you can push maximum at distances of 100-200 light years.
Chapter 2 - Leave it to Maxima to do the calculations. This chapter introduces students and young researchers to the pleasure cheaper than dirt of being able to do without the written calculations using Maxima, a free downloadable program algebra.